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Joel Barlow (March 24, 1754 – December 26, 1812) was an American poet, diplomat, and politician.〔Modern biographies are James Woodress, ''A Yankee's Odyssey:the life of Joel Barlow'', 1958, and Samuel Bernstein, ''Joel Barlow: A Connecticut Yankee in an age of revolution'', 1985; an essay on Barlow's ruminations on the planetary hydrological cycle is part of Simon Schama, ''Landscape and Memory'' 1995:245ff.〕 In politics, he supported the French Revolution and was an ardent Jeffersonian. In his own time, Barlow was known especially for the epic ''Vision of Columbus'',〔Brian Pelanda, (Declarations of Cultural Independence: The Nationalistic Imperative Behind the Passage of Early American Copyright Laws, 1783-1787 ) 58 ''Journal of the Copyright Society of the U.S.A.'', 431, 442-448 (2011).〕 though modern readers may be more familiar with ''The Hasty-Pudding'' (1793). He also helped draft the Treaty of Tripoli in 1796, which includes the controversial and disputed phrase: "the Government of the United States of America is not, in any sense, founded on the Christian religion".〔Boston, Rob, "(Joel Barlow And The Treaty With Tripoli: A Tangled Tale Of Pirates, A Poet And The True Meaning Of The First Amendment )", ''Church & State,'' Volume 50, No. 6, June 1997, pp 11–14.〕 ==Biography== Barlow was born in Redding, Fairfield County, Connecticut. He briefly attended Dartmouth College before he graduated from Yale College in 1778, where he was also a postgraduate student for two years. In 1778, he published an anti-slavery poem entitled "The Prospect of Peace". From September 1780 until the close of the Revolutionary War, he was chaplain in a Massachusetts brigade.〔Schama observes that "he had found schoolmastering too humdrum, Yale too sober, and a chaplaincy to a Massachusetts regiment of the line during the American Revolution had not survived his natural irreverence" (Schama 1995:248).〕 Then, in 1783, he moved to Hartford, Connecticut. In July 1784, he established a weekly paper called ''American Mercury'' with which he was connected for a year. In 1786, he was admitted to the bar. At Hartford, he was a member of a group of young writers including Lemuel Hopkins, David Humphreys, and John Trumbull, known in American literary history as the "Hartford Wits". He contributed to the ''Anarchiad'', a series of satirico-political papers and, in 1787, published a long and ambitious poem, ''The Vision of Columbus'',〔 which gave him a considerable literary reputation and was once much read. Barlow was an ardent patriot in the American Revolution. He was engaged in the Battle of Long Island and served as a chaplain for the 4th Massachusetts Brigade.〔Goetzman, pg 142〕 He was a Mason 〔"Enlightenment and Freemasonry", Commonwealth Books. http://www.thomasjeffersonsenlightenment.org/Freemasonry.html〕 and he became a good friend to Thomas Paine. Barlow got involved with the French Revolution. He stood for election in the French Assembly and accepted French citizenship. Even though he had dedicated his "Vision of Columbus" to Louis XVI, he called for the beheading of the latter.〔Goetzmann, William H. (2009) ''Beyond the Revolution, A History of American Thought from Paine to Pragmatism'', Basic Books, Perseus Books Group, NY. pg 144.〕 Barlow died of pneumonia in the village of Zarnowiec, between Warsaw and Kraków, on December 24, 1812.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.barlowgenealogy.com/FairfieldFamilies/joelbarlow.html )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joel Barlow」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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